Tawaf is one of the pillars of Hajj and Umrah, and it is an act of worship to Allah that shows the devotion and turning of the heart and limbs to Him, Glory be to Him, in which the Muslim circumambulates around His Noble House – the Kaaba.
In worship of the Lord of the House and drawing closer to Him according to what He has prescribed. Its description is that the Hajj or Umrah pilgrim begins his circumambulation from the corner in which the Black Stone is located, as there is a green sign indicating it on the upper floors.
What is the concept of tawaaf?
Tawaf is one of the basic pillars of Hajj and Umrah. It consists of seven rounds that the pilgrim or pilgrim performs around the Kaaba. Each round begins in front of the Black Stone and ends with it. The pilgrim or Umrah pilgrim makes the Kaaba to his left during the circumambulation.
It is Sunnah for the pilgrim to perform the circumambulation in the first three rounds. Raml is the speed of walking with close steps. It is Sunnah for the Umrah or Hajj pilgrim to lie down during his entire circumambulation, and to lie down is to place the middle of his robe under his right shoulder and its two ends over his left shoulder.
The pilgrim removes the Idtibaa when he has finished his Tawaf, and it is Sunnah for the one who Tawaf to touch the Black Stone (i.e., touch it with his hand), if possible, and kiss it when he passes by it. If he is not able to touch it with his hand and kiss it, and if he is not able to touch it with something with him (such as a stick or the like) and kiss that.
If he is unable to do so, he points to it with his hand and does not accept it. The Sunnah does this, especially when there is crowding. He should not crowd for this reason, because it causes harm to others, and it is forbidden by law, as is the case with crossing the necks of those praying.
Conditions for the validity of tawaf
1-(Islam): Tawaf is not valid, according to scholarly consensus, by an infidel, because tawaf is an act of worship, and worship is not valid and is not accepted by an infidel.
2-(Mind); This is the doctrine of the Hanafi and Hanbali schools, and the Malikis and Shafiis did not stipulate that, by analogy with the validity of the Tawaf of an undiscerning boy if his guardian intends on his behalf.
3-(Intention); This is agreed upon among scholars, based on the saying of the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him (Actions are but by intentions, and every person will have but what he intended) Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim.
4-(Covering the private parts): If he circumambulates while naked, his Tawaf is not valid; According to the command of the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, to be called out during Hajj: “No polytheist [meaning the ninth year] shall perform Hajj after the year, nor should he circumambulate the Kaaba naked.” Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim.
Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen said: “If he circumambulates while he is naked, it is not valid, because it is a forbidden circumambulation, and if it is forbidden, then the Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, said: (Whoever does an act that is not according to our command will have it rejected).
5-(Purity of Hadath).
6- (The purity of the garment and body from impurity according to the majority of scholars).
7-(To circumambulate seven complete circles). If he misses one step from the seven, his circumambulation is not complete.
Al-Nawawi said: “The condition of the circumambulation is that it be seven Tawaf, each time from the Black Stone to the Black Stone, and if a step remains from the seven, his circumambulation will not be counted, whether he remains in Mecca or departs from it and becomes in his homeland, and none of it can be forced by blood or anything else.” .
8-To place the House on his left: Because the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, circumambulated, making the House on his left, and he said: (So that you may perform your rituals) Narrated by Muslim.
9-(To circumambulate the entire House): He should not circumambulate from inside the Hijr to shorten the distance, and whoever does that, his Tawaf is invalid.
10-(To circumambulate while being able to walk): This is the opinion of the majority of scholars, contrary to the Shafi’is.
Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen, may Allah have mercy on him, said:
“What appears to me is that it is not permissible to ride in tawaf, whether on a camel, on shoulders, or in a carriage, unless there is a need, a need: such as a person’s illness, old age, or severe crowding that he cannot tolerate, because with crowding some people tolerate it and some people cannot tolerate it, so what is important is If there is an excuse, then there is no problem, and if there is no excuse, then it is not permissible.”
12- (The Tawaf must be inside the Sacred Mosque): Because it is obligatory for the Muslim to circumambulate the Kaaba, and if he circumambulates outside the mosque, he has circumambulated the mosque and not the Kaaba.
Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen said: “The scholars said: It is a condition for the circumambulation to be valid that it be in the Sacred Mosque, and that if one circumambulates outside the mosque, it is not sufficient; If a person – for example – wanted to circumambulate the Sacred Mosque from outside, it would not be sufficient.
Because then he will be circumambulating the mosque, not the Kaaba. As for those who circumambulate the same mosque, whether above or below, the Tawaf is sufficient for them. Accordingly, one must be careful not to circumambulate during Mas’a or above it. Because the Mas’a is not from the mosque.”
13-(The Tawaf begins at the Black Stone.) If he begins at the door of the Kaaba, then his circumambulation is incomplete and invalid.
Sunnahs of Tawaf
- Receiving the Black Stone and receiving it.
- Performing the Tawaf of Arrival for men.
- Sand in the first three rounds.
- Receiving the Yemeni Corner
Types of Tawaf
- Tawaf al-Qudum, which is the greeting of the Sacred House for those who enter Mecca.
- Tawaf al-Ifadah, called “Tawaf al-Rukn,” is one of the pillars of Hajj and the rituals of Eid al-Adha.
- Tawaf al-Umrah is one of the pillars of Umrah.
- The farewell Tawaf for those who left Mecca, whether Hajj or Umrah.
Conclusion
At the end of the text, Tawaf is one of the pillars of Hajj and an essential part of the Hajj rituals. Tawaf also has pillars and conditions, including Islam and reason, in addition to many other conditions that we mentioned in detail within the previous paragraphs.
